"Liquidation Event" means, where proceedings are being taken for a bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporatio whether voluntary or involunatary, or any other distrubution of assets of the Corporation amony its shareholders for the prupose of winding up its affairs, the earlier of:(a) proceedings are first authorized by the Corporation,or(b) proceedings are being taken by any Person other than the Corporation



Definition taken from CanWest Schedule A Terms and definitions special shares, Sedar filing Dec19,05, Security holders documents English














2005 annual report
On November 18, 2004, the Company completed an exchange offer to exchange a new series of 8% Senior Subordinated notes due 2012 for the outstanding 12.125% Senior notes due 2010, issued by the Hollinger Participation Trust. In the exchange offer, the holders of the trust notes received US$1,240 principal amount of new notes in exchange for each US$1,000 of trust notes. In addition, the Company completed a concurrent offer of notes, proceeds of which were used to retire the 12.125% junior subordinated notes held by Hollinger, which had not been participated to the Hollinger Participation Trust. The effect of these transactions replaced the Company’s existing $903.6 million 12.125% junior subordinated notes (including accrued interest to November 18, 2004) with new $908.1 million (US$761.1 million) 8% senior subordinated notes.
The issuance of the new notes was recorded at their fair value at November 18, 2004 of $944 million. The difference between the fair value of the new notes and the book value of the junior subordinated notes, together with certain other costs of settling the debt totaling $44 million, was charged to earnings as a loss on debt extinguishment.
The new senior subordinated notes include loans of US$761.1 million mature on September 15, 2012 and bear interest at 8.0%. The notes rank junior to the Company’s senior credit facility and are guaranteed by certain subsidiaries of the Company. The notes are redeemable at the Company’s option on or after September 15, 2009. The Company has entered into a US$761.1 million cross currency interest rate swap resulting in floating interest rates on its senior subordinated notes at interest rates based on CDOR plus a margin and a fixed currency exchange rate of US$1:$1.1932 until September 2012.








5 On November 18, 2004, the Company completed an exchange offer to exchange a new series of 8% Senior Subordinated notes due 2012 for the outstanding 12.125% Senior notes due 2010, issued by the Hollinger Participation Trust. In the exchange offer, the holders of the trust notes received US$1,240 principal amount of new notes in exchange for each US$1,000 of trust notes. In addition, the Company completed a concurrent offer of notes, proceeds of which were used to retire the 12.125% junior subordinated notes held by Hollinger, which had not been participated to the Hollinger Participation Trust. The effect of these transactions replaced the Company’s existing $903.6 million 12.125% junior subordinated notes (including accrued interest to November 18, 2004) with new $908.1 million (US$761.1 million) 8% senior subordinated notes.
The issuance of the new notes was recorded at their fair value at November 18, 2004 of $944 million. The difference between the fair value of the new notes and the book value of the junior subordinated notes, together with certain other costs of settling the debt totaling $44 million, was charged to earnings as a loss on debt extinguishment.
The new senior subordinated notes include loans of US$761.1 million mature on September 15, 2012 and bear interest at 8.0%. The notes rank junior to the Company’s senior credit facility and are guaranteed by certain subsidiaries of the Company. The notes are redeemable at the Company’s option on or after September 15, 2009. The Company has entered into a US$761.1 million cross currency interest rate swap resulting in floating interest rates on its senior subordinated notes at interest rates based on CDOR plus a margin and a fixed currency exchange rate of US$1:$1.1932 until September 2012.







Bonds unsecured



Who gets priority under a CCAA filing?
Not all creditors are created equal. Priority typically determines the rank of creditors in which they may be paid by a debtor.
Secured creditors, including lenders and debt-holders, typically head the list when it comes to getting back their money. Secured creditors may hold a security — such as a mortgage or other pledge — for their debt held.
Unsecured creditors are next on the list of repayment. Unsecured creditors have lent money or provided goods or services to a debtor without securing the debt.





What happens to shareholders?
Holders of common stock are typically last on the list. Quite often in CCAA proceedings, they get back none of the money they invested. Their old shares become worthless and often new shares are issued in the restructured company.







What is bankruptcy protection?
Canadian companies don't actually file for "bankruptcy protection" when they go to a Canadian court to seek protection from their creditors. They do file for protection from their creditors under the inelegantly named Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act. That's a federal law that basically gives a company time to try to work out its financial difficulties with its creditors.
A company files under the CCAA for permission to come up with a restructuring or reorganization plan that would give it time (often 30 to 90 days) to rearrange its affairs so that it can keep operating.





Creditors may also petition a debtor company into bankruptcy. In that case, the court will appoint a trustee in bankruptcy. Upon the bankruptcy, all of the debtor's assets come under the power of the trustee but are subject to the rights of secured creditors. Secured creditors are entitled to seize and sell assets of the debtor over which they have security, within certain legal limits. The trustee will then sell any leftover assets and distribute the proceeds among the unsecured creditors

CanWest' makes an non required, voluntary, 25 million interest payment -- an example of CanWest shedding cash to look broke

When CanWest shareholders balance sheet needed the cash; CanWest Board, managing CanWest shareholders business, sheds 25 million in voluntary interest payments to the 13.5 percent bonds, that was not due; is an example of CanWest trying to rid itself of cash
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CanWest pays some high interest rates. CanWest is an example of a public company, run to benefit those that run it, over shareholders. It is fraud when CanWest management has CanWest shareholders signs off on loans with abnormal interest rates, in questionable non arms length transactions.

Example is a 13.5 percent, 370 million dollar private loan, that CanWest entered into in 2008, to finance CanWest's repayment (refund) to investors of the CanWest's Canadian Newspaper Trust IPO. Needed to raise this, as CanWest's had already spent the newspaper IPO sale proceeds, to repay another major shareholder's private loan to the public company CanWest.


http://www.sedar.com/ '''CanWest 2009 Annual Report (page54) posted on SEDAR on Dec 02/09''': ''"Note(9)Long term debt: CW Media Holdings Inc. has issued $370 million (US$338 million) (2008 – $338 million (US$319 million) senior unsecured notes maturing on August 15, 2015. The senior unsecured notes bear interest at 13.5% per annum, compounded semi-annually. Interest is accrued from the date of issue to August 15, 2011 (the “Cash Interest Date”), however is not payable until maturity, unless CW Media Holdings Inc.elects to pay interest in cash with respect to any interest period before the Cash Interest Date. After August 15, 2011, interest will accrue on and be paid in cash commencing on February 15, 2012.

Interest is payable or compounded, as applicable, each February 15and August 15.

At August 31, 2009 accrued interest of $29 million (US$26 million) (2008 - $7.1 million (US$6.7 million)) was outstanding and included in long-term debt.

CW Media made a voluntary interest payment on August 15, 2009 for $25 million (US$23 million) representing accrued interest for the period from February 16, 2009 to August 15, 2009."''

Please wiki, run the fact that the 8% ad hoc bond series foreclosing on CanWest, are the same bond series created out of thin air by Lord Black: wiki scoop
Shame no newspaper in Canada will run the fact the 8% ad hoc group bonds origins are vending financing bonds Hollinger created, and CanWest agreed to in exchange for Canada's newspapers. It is of interest to Canada and is of fundamental importance to Canada's national security that the fact be published.
Details about 8% debt. The 8% Ad Hoc debt was not created by CanWest receiving funds, rather vendor financing giving to CanWest by Hollinger (Lord Black. This debt was not registered in Canada or the United States, for tax reasons. The debt was given the ability to demand total repayment on failure to pay an interest payment. And CanWest had to buy derivatives from debt. Interest rate was 12.125 percent. Debt was junior, no matter.
CanWest in Nov 2004 voluntarily changes the debt interest rate to 8 percent, the catch, the bondholders recieve proceeds from a new bond issue, to make up for the cut in interest rate, and gets the bonds moved from junior to the front of the line. Scam retaining control of Canada's newspaper flagships.

CanWest’s $2.3-billion sign off to Goldman Sachs. CanWest has since come to view the arrangement as a sweetheart deal for Goldman Sachs

Canadian Nationalism being interfered with in Canada's free press -- Freedom of press makes or breaks a Nation
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ http://www.theglobeandmail.com/blogs/streetwise/canwest-beats-back-goldman-sachs/article1401779/
Globe and Mail dec15 quote -- "CW Media not included in CanWest’s court-supervised restructuring. Ownership of this division was set up in 2007 as part of CanWest’s $2.3-billion acquisition of Alliance Atlantis Communications Inc. CanWest has since come to view the arrangement as a sweetheart deal for the investment bank."



CanWest Global owning Canada's flagship newspapers, had to respect debt holder covenants, and CanWest's mult voting shares, stock market rules, that restricted CanWest's largest shareholder from embezzling the public company's assets (for ex. purchasing something to transfer CanWest assets out of company. CanWest consolidating Canada's two biggest TV networks, CanWest's TV stations, and Atlantis TV network, is as bankruptcy scam.

Goldman Sachs loaned, sold, something to a friend, to help friend defraud. Goldman Sachs has received benefits in CanWest editorials; Note, Goldman Sachs has still to decide to sell or not the TV assets to the friend, wink, wink. Goldman Sachs has the right not to sell Atlantis to CanWest. A loan, and not loan at the same time.

Goldman Sachs in a corporate takeover bought Canada's Alliance Altantis. Using a pretext of CanWest, buying part or all of Goldman Sachs new Canadian TV assets -- CanWest moved millions in cash to Goldman Sachs, and assumed debts, and transferred/sold CanWest's TV stations in a weird sale to Goldman Sachs (selling CanWest tv stations at their rate of return and not their asset value.) Goldman Sachs retaining control (for their faith) over Canada's TV waves.

Basically a company having financial questions breaks the law when transfer assets out of the company to cheat CanWest's smaller shareholders, and CanWest debt holders. Places Goldman Sachs at the back of the line among CanWest creditors

[No better, the bondholders getting Canada's newspapers are in on it. Bond created from selling Canada's newspaper to CanWest. Loan was at 12 percent in junior notes. CanWest then converts these junior notes into senior notes, and converts yield to 8 percent (8 % ad hoc group), but really still 12 percent, as CanWest issues 200 million in new bonds (for free) to these bondholders. It is ironic then now, that a 750 million plus debt, is not so big, if minus the 200 million in free bonds, and 400 million CanWest cash given to these "senior" bond holders at the direction of CanWest largest shareholder, that will not be in the new CanWest Company. Excessive interest, and manddated derviative purchases by CanWest from debtholders, host of irregularities.

[Unfortunately, when the international community controls the local news to mislead; can only do so, if local corruption ignored too, however unintended, breads corruption in the Canadian Fatherland. It must not be a waste of time when a Canadian reads the newspaper, or watches TV. [The international community has long tried to have Canada's banks merge, not in the interest of Canada. Canada's banks asked to rally with SEC Canada, protecting Canada.]

more times water can be weight in time, in the same seesaw weight is: the max amount of energy a mountain stream can produce in a small area

Obviously not a perpetual motion machine, as a buck of water can not raise other buck of water higher.
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Reviewing various machines that make hydro to fit the stream. Sketches.




Rome powered by the see saw pump: recycling water, in tubes repeatedly back again, close to the fulcrum of a see saw, can shift a see saw, and shift a stretched out weight from that see saw
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[**Why was the utility industry not making hydro this way yet? Less equipment necessary for harvesting energy from large drops & compressed air energy storage industry novel, bonus of mechanical energy turned into compressed air, able to direct compressed air to one central turbine & the water weight seesaw needs housing for layers of pipe infrastructure; ironic that hillside space open & Excess water, as one sq foot of water a second (61 pounds of water), can make a 3 foot fulcrum of nearly 10000 pounds in a five second, 30 layer cycle -- creeks' energies run past a point, at more 10 to 20 sq feet a second -- a lot more than one sq feet of water. Too much energy.**]

Push and pull cycle both can compress two air pumps in a seesaw motion, constant energy. Can have two or more see saws moving counter weight/pumps. Able to add stream's excess water to machine's energy.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
[Theory of seesaw and levers, should include the example of a stick with a heavy weight, and tiny weight, on either end, always balances, with the heavy weight at the bottom. A tiny lever can move the earth, if that lever's force is applied when the heavy weight is at the bottom of stick.] Principle of the hydro seesaw is the heavy weight moving to a bottom equilibrium, translates a tiny weight moving far out on a seesaw can be moved, but takes time. Outside weight on fulcrum moves slower, but is moved, affects fulcrum pull speed. More time, more energy. Fulcrum trick[Interesting note, particle physics is using see saw math to describe leptons, sub particles. Ether theory.]



Novel approach is to recycle the weight of the water over and over again in the same see saw. back into see saw. Allows heavy water weight. Very long board 90 degrees to see saw, holding tubes of water. Therefore a small stream at 1 sq foot of water a second --61 pounds -- can have in a one foot drop a 1 inch drop per cycle, less a few mm for grade, have 12 levels each with 1 sq foot of water, creates 600 plus pounds of water weight moving .9 an inch. Should raise a counter weight ups a few feet. [Like a fractal.] [Note each slit increases exponentially the size of the water storage.]

[Note, a see saw and the circle arc's beauty -- allows layers of water weight to move in a see saw. Allows play as, several more inches of horizontal movement can exist for one inch of vertical movement down. Aka. heavy weight near the fulcrum, can swing moving down an inch.]
[Will reroute some water over the seesaw to lap down, as this elevated water pays dividends. Also, seesaw's harmonic motion can be tuned using elevate water weight directed to its swing.]


[Not a perpetual motion machine. Rather using a machine most like a perpetual machine to extract the most energy from a mountain creek. Not reusing same water over again, as a perpetual machine would, rather using that energy to make compressed air for electricity to make hydrogen. As on sq feet of water a second can make a 3 foot fulcrum of nearly 10000 pounds in a five second cycle. Not hard for creeks to have 10 to 20 feet of water rush by a point in a second. Too much energy.]

Hover Dam: 3 million horse power times equals (550 pounds is 10 sqfeet of water) - times 100 for accelartion = 3 million sq feet of water a second???

Pulse pump is direct energy, creating several thousand pound lifting force, can be in sequences
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(Different from the heavy weight near fulcrum pump which makes a small weight move; the pulse pump creates large weight to swing.


~Fact quote, "The Hoover Dam’s construction features 17 turbines, of which one is rated at 86,000 horsepower, one at 100,000 horsepower and the remaining 15 at 178,000 horsepower each."

~horsepower definition what a horse can do is lift (dispalce) 550 pounds pounds a distance of a foot every second -- quotes"One mechanical horsepower of 550 foot-pounds a foot per second is approximately equivalent to 745.7 watts. [Horse lifts 550 pounds a second.] measure the output of piston engines" '

"A boiler horsepower is used for rating steam boilers and is equivalent to 34.5 pounds of water evaporated per hour at 212 degrees, or 9,809.5 watts"

hp figuring about
[ ??? how can 34 pounds of water lift (displace 5000 pounds of water every second for an hour. ???? Sterling engines making 3 hp do not move 1500 pounds one feet per second with their two pistons, air pressure does not lift this, would mean a few pounds of water, the small sterling engine could lift ten people up one foot per second, not so, so horsepower measure off???]

unclear how to measure horsepower, translated from pulsar weight motion
Counter weights 4000 pounds, and water weight of 6000 pounds of water attach on top of counter weight of 4000 pounds will drop and create a force of tens of thousands of points, when dropped a few feet. After water drains to lower level on counter weight, relifting counter weigh back in position. Water then tops the next counter weight and makes another 10,000 pound weight to drop. [A creek at 20 sq feet a second]



```62.4269107 Pounds for squre feet of water , so 6000 pounds of water 100 square feet

That's just what Goldman Sachs did, the wall street investment bank is calling moving around of CanWest asset faudulent and abusive

CanWest shareholder and debt holders, counter sue Goldman Saches; Goldman Sachs part of fraud in CanWest bankruptcy
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[Article on Goldman Sachs saying that giving away CanWest Ten is abusive and fraud. Thanks for supporting CanWest shareholders, and Canada are being ripped off ]


globe and mail article, quotes
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"A little-known numbered company inside CanWest Global Communications Corp. is now at the heart of a major legal battle between Goldman Sachs Group Inc. and the powerful bondholders controlling the media company. " "Goldman is attacking the distressed funds that control Canada's largest media company and asking the courts to rebuild barriers that separate CanWest's profitable specialty television from its parent."

"The Wall Street investment bank is attempting to undo what it calls a “fraudulent” and “abusive” move to rework the internal operation of CanWest in the days before it filed for creditor protection. According to court filings Monday, the distressed debt funds shut down a numbered company within CanWest that was set up three years ago, at Goldman's request, to separate the Winnipeg-based parent from its stable of 13 lucrative specialty channels – which include Showcase and History Television."

"CanWest creditors, led by a trio of U.S. and Canadian distressed debt funds, dissolved the numbered company as part of a larger drive to gain control of the specialty TV unit, known as CW Media Holdings and widely viewed as the most prized CanWest asset. This division is not part of CanWest's court-supervised restructuring, and turned in a $129-million profit over the past nine months. Goldman Sachs owns 36 per cent of the votes in CW Media, and 65 per cent of the equity."

"This battle could take an ugly turn for bondholders: As part of its latest court filing, Goldman claimed CanWest's creditors should be forced to repay $426-million of cash they took out of the company in September, after CanWest sold its stake in Australia's Ten Network Holdings Ltd. for $634-million. The company filed for creditor protection two weeks later."

"Despite the rash of court filings – Goldman's latest batch of legal documents runs to 246 pages – the two sides are expected to sit down and hammer out a new ownership structure for the firm. The move to shut down the numbered company was part of a tough negotiating stance on the creditors part, sources say, with one individual explaining that bondholders wanted to show Goldman a “worst-case scenario.”

CanWest is reviewing the affidavit, said CanWest spokesman John Douglas. “We believe the claims are without merit.” “Neither party here wants to leave this issue to the judge. There will be negotiations,” said a source close to the distressed debt funds. “We recognize that the best interests of the company lie with both sides working together, and no one wants to pursue a path of mutually assured destruction.”

[Goldman Sachs gets a chunk of Canada's TV discloosure network, and CanWest's Canadian TV stations; and the sellers of CanWest newspapers to CanWest, are getting their papers back. Bankrupcy ponzi scheme where CanWest shareholders, and other debtholders, and Canadians are ripped off. Canadian National Security breach. Sec Canada and United States Securities Commision stand side by side, and order Goldman Sachs to respect and give CanWest shareholders more than 2 and half percent of new CanWest public company.]

CanWest shareholders and debt holders, counter sue Goldmand Saches

The Judge has a duty of corrective action, Goldman Sachs part of fraud in CanWest bankruptcy
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Goldman Sachs acquisition of Canadian Alantis Corporation, and the sale? loan? to CanWest shareholders of Alantis subsidiary TV network is a design to keep control of Canada's TV network. Deal not disclosed properly to CanWest Shareholders.

Basic example, a debt ridden company, wanting to rip off both shareholders and their debtholders, would agree to buy something from a loyal entity -- Goldman Saches. CanWest controllers and Goldman Sachs the same faith. Sell off important assets into this (all CanWest's TV stations sold at their rate of return, not their asset value, is fraud when disclosed as it was.) And claim debt. Note the Goldman Saches deal siphoen of CanWest extra cash. [Canada is under attack here, the facts are Golman Saches is interfering in Canada's disclousure network. Intent.

Goldman Saches recieved special control of over Canada's new disclosure network.

Zeppelin fuel tankers flying hydrogen around - a key service - for hydrogen producers to supply the marketplace

**********Ho, ho, ho. Retooling, power stroke, the counter weight swings down is the power stroke. Multiplier effect: counter weight, and the water weight can be combined. Water transfer to top of counter weight to increase power stroke, after same water transfer down and moves counter weight back up. Allows combines several counter weight motions at same time.

Cycle: water flows from counter weight down to lift counter weight (seconds), when counter weight lifted, water flows then to top the next counter weight (seconds). The economics of smaller economies of scale, that less pounds increase a water transfer. (so when say 4000 pounds of water could have 10 smaller counter weight displacers moving this allow 5 to 10 second cycle. Smaller can have 1 to 2 second cycle.

Pulsar weigh measure: for 5000 pound water & 3000 pound counter weight in a 15 second cycle -- combine 20 couner weights in a stairchase -- every minute 4 times 8000 pounds times a row 20 counter weights equals = pulsar weight of 640,000 pounds a minute.









**********Ha, ha. Process retool again pratically work. Using small pipes dropping, inefficient and complex. Easier to have attached bike rims swinging. [A full turn can not happen with attached bike rims, but more than half swing can have rims attaching together. Rope from this turning structure, can move swing arms that pull rip cords, or compress air. Bonous is no axel is needed, as the axel is several bike rims. Issue of the water leaving troff, and harvesting that energy too -- possible to power pumps that repump some of the water to be used again.



##Salt water, fresh gradient and raising fresh water to drop weight, is and example of a above grade, of this process.

Why more efficient than dams. Dams use pipes, only use part of river. Using large troffs, all weight used.

Key reworking of how hydro dams work
Industry's troffs fall into troffs falling into troughs. Ten troff motor, and each troff moves 4000 pounds. Every 30 seconds times times 10 is 80000 pound force every minute. North America and the world had massive amount untapped potential here. New oil.

500 pound water troff, and produce considerable pull force, more than a human. Industry can have several thousand pound troffs working in unison. ***************





Inventions and their economic synergies, the invention of the tip-over ditch buoy, the new oil
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[Retooled. Ditch buoy tilting up and down, too many parts, conceptial picture, eaiser to have a long pipe that when empty is balance level by a counter weight. A straw can enter the pipe through the swing end for water flow. Model can be tested through the flow of a stream dam, and gaining the complete flow of the stream, in weights that swings.]




workhorse of remote coastal salt water, fresh water hydro electricity production for electrolysis, using gradient power, instead of osmosis to create electricity
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[ Buoys in ditches that tip-over when fresh water is pushed up hill, by a salt water gradient, into pipes that are extended out from buoys, tip. When water runs out, buoy flips-up again.] Aka, weight of water forced up a siphon hose to tip over a flouting buoy, when buoy tips water flows out, and buoy returns to stand up position. [Not a true siphon hose as no siphon, not pulled. The water is pushed up by the gradient different of salt water and fresh water. Pushes fresh water up hill into columns that uses the weight of the displaced water to flop buoy. Linear energy.
[Salt water on land provided by the searaiser pump, ocean hydrolic ram.]


[Also have exiting water running out the buoy pipe can be harnessed.] Simple design that is well suited for creating electricity for electrolysis of hydrogen.


Can use the venture affect to speed of filling the buoy, can synchronize several buoy bounces in unision. The filling of the pipe is like filling a piston. When full piston moves in downward force. If can control injection, have timing, and therefore run parallel energy systems. Water power timing and combining of force is a key to this invention, allows the multiple of force. Weight transfer, mechanical transfer very good. Alternatives, magnets or hooks that hold until a certain weight than swings. Orchastraded.

Whereas a traditional hydro dam using a small amount of water to create force (weight) by elevation and speed; the army of buoys combined moving, displace more weight per second. A buoy can move as much water as a small dam does a second, but of course the dams water is at a hundred times the force or more; add in hundred buoy tipping forces in unison, the combined tipping weights in a parallel system, and equals a massive source of electrical power. Moving a huge induction motor with several small ripcords.

[Definition of pulse energy is stockpiled force, every few seconds, a large weight is displaced; whereas turbine continuel energy. Example of pulse energy water pendulem lifting ten pounds up and down every two seconds, 300 pounds a minute, 18000 pounds an hour. Add 12 of these units and are lifting quarter million pounds of pulse energy an hour.]

[Note, water cushions water, as water wanders down hill, retaining and passing force on. (Another way to describe the effect: length of the vertical acceleration line increases when water chusions water and vertical forces are redirected horizontially.) (Another way to say it, is that swirls of pressure from water has weight, create up drafts in water, increase then the flow down.] [As water rubs the ground, more matter interaction, affecting energy) Longer flow through the magnetic field increases transfor of energy. Energy never created or destroyed; more energy here is that is took more space, time to tap the energy; a dam is fast, only used small amount of space time, for the work deliveried. Therefore the distance down hill kinetically for water, is greater if water does not take a direct line. Pulse energy hydro the future of North America's clean energy economy.]

Buoy salt water, fresh water, way more envirnomental friendly then salt, fresh water osmosis
************Concern with osmosis of fresh water and salt water, and the environmental impacts of altering how fresh water reunites with the ocean. Alternative to salt water, fresh water osmosis. Can use a gradient. Raise fresh water up a hose, more green.


*************The sea raisers, hydrolic ram sea water pumps, pumping water from raising and falling of sea waves onto land, is a small version of the type of pump industry will use. Industry sea raisers, better termed saltwater waterfalls.

nano techonology IPO pitches

power mechanism, cooling mechanism, and a way to construct it
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Run water in, heats up, leaves. Nano electronics cooling system. Circulation system. Energy can be entered or taken from a small system as hot water bounces and goes up hill on the micro scale. [Smallness economics-of-scale and the benefits of small structures over larger structures.] http://www.physorg.com/news65689469.html

[Alternative energy source, micro sterling engines in laptops, generate mechanical motion to move fan.]



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nano created atomic structures can release energy with sound. Sound masers.
http://www.nano.org.uk/forum/viewtopic.php?p=8790&sid=6ef8dd001235e79483e309c9eb58c7a9

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quote http://www.nanotech-now.com/news.cgi?story_id=34490
Acoustic tweezers can position tiny objectsUniversity Park, PA Posted on September 1st, 2009
"Current methods for moving individual cells or tiny beads include such devices as optical tweezers, which require a lot of energy and could damage or even kill live cells," said Tony Jun Huang, assistant professor of engineering science and mechanics. "Acoustic tweezers are much smaller than optical tweezers and use 500,000 times less energy."While optical tweezers are large and expensive, acoustic tweezers are smaller than a dime, small enough to fabricate on a chip using standard chip manufacturing techniques. They can also manipulate live cells without damaging or killing them.Acoustic tweezers differ from eyebrow tweezers in that they position many tiny objects simultaneously and place them equidistant from each other in either parallel lines or on a grid. The grid configuration is probably the most useful for biological applications where researchers can place stem cells on a grid for testing or skin cells on a grid to grow new skin. This allows investigators to see how any type of cell grows."Acoustic tweezers are not just useful in biology," said Huang. "They can be used in physics, chemistry and materials science to create patterns of nanoparticles for coatings or to etch surfaces."Acoustic tweezers work by setting up a standing surface acoustic wave. If two sound sources are placed opposite each other and each emits the same wavelength of sound, there will be a location where the opposing sounds cancel each other. This location can be considered a trough. Because sound waves have pressure, they can push very small objects, so a cell or nanoparticle will move with the sound wave until it reaches the trough where there is no longer movement. The particle or cell will stop and "fall" into the trough.If the sound comes from two parallel sound sources facing each other, the troughs form a line or series of lines. If the sound sources are at right angles to each other, the troughs form an evenly spaced set of rows and columns like a checkerboard. Here too, the particles are pushed until they reach the location where the sound is no longer moving.The acoustic tweezers are manufactured by fabricating an interdigital transducer onto a piezoelectric chip surface. These transducers are the source of the sound. Next, using standard photolithography, microchannels are fabricated in which a small amount of liquid with the cells or particles can move around freely. These microchannels were bonded to the chip to create the area for particle movement.To test their device, the researchers, who include Jinjie Shi, Daniel Ahmed and Sz-Chin Steven Lin, graduate students, engineering science and mechanics; Xiaole Mao, graduate student in bioengineering, and Aitan Lawit, undergraduate in engineering science and mechanics, used Dragon Green fluorescent polystyrene beads about 1.9 micrometers in diameter. They then used cows red blood cells and the single cell bacteria E. coli to test the acoustic tweezers."The results verify the versatility of our technique as the two groups of cells differ significantly in both shape (spherical beads vs. rod-shaped E. coli) and size," the researchers reported in a recent issue of Lab on a Chip. They note that the patterning performance is independent of the particle's electrical, magnetic and optical properties."Most cells or particles patterned in a few seconds," said Huang. "The energy used is very low and the acoustic tweezers should not damage cells at all. Because they have different properties, the acoustic tweezers could also separate live from dead cells, or different types of particles."Acoustic tweezers technology has significant advantages over existing technologies because of its versatility, miniaturization, power consumption and technical simplicity. Huang expects it to become a powerful tool for many applications such as tissue engineering, cell studies, and drug screening and discovery.The National Science Foundation supported this work."